Evaluación de los impactos de la urbanización en los cambios de uso del suelo y la fauna aviar en los humedales de Tamil Nadu, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59072/rper.vi74.793Resumo
Los humedales son ecosistemas vitales que sustentan una biodiversidad diversa y ofrecen recursos cruciales como agua, alimentos y hábitats para numerosas especies. Su integración ayuda a mantener la cadena alimentaria y el equilibrio ecológico. Sin embargo, la rápida urbanización y las actividades humanas están causando una degradación y pérdida significativa de áreas de humedales. Esto es particularmente evidente en la disminución de las poblaciones de aves en santuarios como Karaivetti, atribuida a los escombros de la construcción, el aumento de los asentamientos humanos y las perturbaciones del tráfico vehicular y las actividades pesqueras. El estudio empleó el análisis de la cobertura del suelo y el uso del suelo (LULC) e imágenes satelitales para monitorear los cambios en los humedales de 2013 a 2023. Los hallazgos de la presente investigación indicaron reducciones sustanciales en la cobertura vegetal y la calidad del agua debido a los vertidos industriales, las aguas residuales y la escorrentía agrícola. Estas alteraciones han afectado negativamente a los hábitats, lo que ha dado como resultado una disminución de las visitas de aves migratorias y de la biodiversidad en general. Los humedales brindan servicios ecológicos invaluables y sustentan una rica biodiversidad.
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