Como os Governos Subnacionais Contribuem para o Desenvolvimento Territorial? Uma Análise Exploratória dos Bens e Serviços Públicos Prestados pelos Governos Departamentais do Uruguai
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59072/rper.vi75.858Palavras-chave:
Desenvolvimento Territorial, Governos Subnacionais, Bens e Serviços Públicos, Abordagem de Métodos MistosResumo
Este artigo analisa a contribuição dos governos subnacionais para o desenvolvimento territorial ao examinar a provisão de bens e serviços públicos (BSP) pelos Governos Departamentais (GD) no Uruguai. Embora executem cerca de 10% do orçamento nacional, os GD exercem responsabilidades relevantes em ordenamento do território, transporte local e atenção primária à saúde. No entanto, a sua capacidade de influenciar resultados de desenvolvimento varia significativamente entre departamentos. Com base no Índice de Desenvolvimento Regional do Uruguai (IDERE-UY), o estudo desenvolve uma metodologia piloto para avaliar a provisão local de BSP através da construção do Índice de Provisão Local de Bens e Serviços Públicos (IPL-BSP). O índice combina dois componentes: o grau de autonomia com que os GD atuam e a prioridade orçamentária atribuída às diferentes dimensões do desenvolvimento. A metodologia foi aplicada em dois estudos de caso — Rivera e San José — selecionados pelos seus níveis contrastantes de desenvolvimento. Os resultados indicam que maiores níveis de autonomia local estão associados a melhorias em indicadores de desenvolvimento territorial, especialmente em áreas como coesão social e atividade económica. As conclusões sugerem que a autonomia dos GD, mesmo com recursos limitados, pode ser um fator relevante para promover desenvolvimento territorial mais equitativo.
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